Bias and Heuristics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Bias and Heuristics - Essay ExampleIn the scenario presented, the supervisor clearly demonstrates bias when he utter his statements regarding the Volvo and its unreliability. To be more specific, the supervisors heuristic or bias was the approachability bias or error.According to the Wikipedia Encyclopedia, the availability bias is described as, The distortion of hotshots perceptions of reality due to the tendency to remember one alternative essence of a situation much more easily than another(prenominal). (2006) Furthermore, ones judgment about the relative frequency of an character referenceful often depends upon the availability or accessibility of objects or events in the processes of perception, memory or construction in the imaginationIn the case of the supervisor, he only recalled the bad experience of his brother-in-law. He failed to take into narrative the experiences of the larger group of people who may have had experiences different from that of his brother-in-law. The reaction of the supervisor also demonstrates another bias. In particular, this is the grounding rate neglect bias. The base rate neglect, otherwise known as the base rate fallacy, explains how humans, in making inferences about probability, often tend to ignore the background frequencies. (Garns, 1997)In the case of the supervisor, this was clearly demonstrated because he failed to take into consideration the various reviews that were presented to him. He instead focused on one occurrence of the failure of a Volvo car. By doing so, the supervisor neglected the numerous data that supports the goodness performance of Volvo cars. He was influenced by the base rate neglect which led him to react in the authority that he did.With come on research suggesting that the initial recommendations regarding the superiority and reliability of the Volvo, one will one be led to deciding that the Volvo should be the car to buy. In making decisions, it is imperative that biases or heuristics a re avoided as much as possible. Decision-makers must at all times remain as objective and limpid as possible. Biases and heuristics affect the way people view situations and choices. In certain cases, heuristics simplify the decision-making process by making the situation appear simpler. However, there are cases when heuristics, when viewed in the wrong way, may lead incorrect judgments or decisions.With additional information supporting the earlier claim that the Volvo is the better choice, the main heuristic that one must employ is the representativeness heuristic. According to Garns, An event is judged to be probable to the extent that it represents the essential features of the parent universe of discourse or of its generating process. In other words, what this means is that a certain sample of the population has the essential features in prepare for it to be judged as representative of the entire population. In this case, the information gathered through further research ma y be used to judge the entire population of Volvo cars. Using such a sample as basis for judgment, one can conclude that Volvo cars are indeed reliable and automatically superior over other brands.Knowing that the supervisor is insensitive to the base rate and judges ground on available information, one possible course of action that maybe taken in order to convince him to agree to the purchase of Volvo cars is to present him with all substantial information. It is essential that the available information that the supervis

The Impact of Leadership Styles on The Organisation Performance Abu Research Paper

The Impact of lead Styles on The Organisation Performance Abu Dhabi Municipality as a case domain - Research Paper ExampleLeadership has been evident for as long as individuals have communicated and interacted it is put in every culture regardless of social, economic, and political compositions. Leadership development in the earth sphere of influence is not a new or distinct subject yet there has been a ample gap between the actual leadershiphip styles of public leaders on one hand and the necessarily and interests of the public on the other (Trottier, Wart, and Wang 2008). For instance, there have been considerable complaints regarding the commitment of public leaders toward the meaty aspects of public service as well as the citizens interests. Consequently, this has resulted to a common response among the federation with regards to the need for a certain type of leadership. Leadership plays a critical role in not bad(predicate) public governance and should be stiffly in tegrated into the governments culture (Jaussi and Dionne 2004). ... Research Questions The flow study then aims to answer the following primary questions 1. What are the leadership styles demonstrated by leaders in the Abu Dhabi municipality? 2. What is the impact of such leadership styles on organisational performance among the Abu Dhabi municipality leaders? 3. What are the ways with which effective leadership can be demonstrated by leaders in the Abu Dhabi municipality? Research Objectives In congenator to such questions, the study aims to address the following objectives 1. To ascertain the leadership styles and characteristics among leaders in the Abu Dhabi municipality 2. To examine the variables of the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) such as transformational, transactional, and passive/avoidant leadership, and observe which of these types is/are most evident in Abu Dhabi leaders 3. To identify the outcomes of leadership based on extra effort, effectiveness, and satisfaction among such businesses and 4. To provide recommendations with regards to the suitability of leadership styles to the publics interest in Abu Dhabi. Significance of the Study Effective leadership is a fundamental requisite for the public sector, such as those who perform government duties. A number of researchers have asserted that management, innovation, and orifice are not enough to handle unpredictable change that rapidly occurs. Furthermore, organisational procedures and policies do not get favorable effects unless leaders are developed as they should hold the values and goals which empower hands members and enable them to achieve success (Harms and Crede 2010). Leadership can bring about significant changes in the organisational life. overconfident outcomes can be

Politics in Everyday Life Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Politics in Everyday invigoration - Case Study ExampleEvery decision that is made should, therefore, be centered on their decisions so that a fair judgment can be given. The real law comes from the will of the people. This is based on democracy and social compact. How much influence should interest groups play in your decision making? avocation groups is one of he factors as they atomic number 18 all citizens of the town. They should not be put in a position where they can directly influence the decision. This is because they are an interested party that could give a shadow to favor them (Roskin, 2006). How do you respond to those that support the tramp/against the project and donated to your campaign? Having people supporting the project with the knowledge of the reasons of why they support, it is very essential. They could be supporting it for personal gain or to avoid responsibilities. Those not supporting the idea, on the other hand, could be those that are oppressed by the suggestion. The only solution to these cardinal parties is listening to all their suggestions. Making a point of dealing with the situation in a modal value that will not be oppressive could also be an important gesture. What role should lobbyists play? In this case, a lobbyist will come in handy in advising the city dwellers (Roskin, 2006). They are the people that are in a position to influence the final decision made by the authorities.

The Unglamorous Interface of an iPad Research Paper

The Unglamorous Interface of an iPad - Research Paper ExampleFor some, its a declaration of who they are and what they can afford, but for most, its merely coping to the dictates of the society. With this virtue, capitalists please consumers by delivering the sleekest, fastest, and newest innovation on devices almost every week pushing their limits far from what used to be unthinkable and pulling its realization to the now. Who does not drool with the sight of an iPad, or with the sleeked digital SLRs in the market, or the sleekest brightness ph angiotensin-converting enzyme? Who would not want a lifeline device that can answer any enquiry or do things for you with just a touch of your hand? Mans means comes room out of hand sometimes in order to meet an unachievable goal so as the capitalists aim to manufacture more unconstipated if this equates to considerably creating environmental of humanitarian damages. These electronic devices do not end up on the shelves of a gadget stor e in a whisk on the capitalists wand for the consumers to buy it. It goes to a tedious process of conceptualizing, engineering, manufacturing, and marketing. And the like in any organization, this process can be echoed as a pyramid with the product on the high end exposed to the world of consumers and the manufacturers at the bottom kept hidden from everyones awareness (Lacy, p.32). ... As it proved to be a equal saving method, the giants seek suppliers from low-wage high-labor countries in Asia (Kwok, 776). In the beginning, it was seen as a win-win situation where companies attain their production goal at a very low cost while the labor country receives employment and compensation to salvage their economy. Yet, as time goes, this gratification became one sided tilting the better end to the capitalists and leaving the laborers on the grim end. It is with everyones knowledge that manufacturing evolves chemicals and materials that are damaging to the health of the people and the environment. Policies and regulations have been made to control this situation. Unfortunately, not every company placed this on their antecedency list. Just like the incidence that occurred in one of the factories in Chengdu, China, where a twenty-two year ageing man, named Lai Xiaodong, died from an explosion while at work due to combustion of chemicals. It is the factory that polished thousands of iPad cases every day. nevertheless the worlds mightiest company such as Apple cannot come clean when it comes to ethical issues of their manufacturing scheme. As the demands for the latest recline so as their demand for these manufacturers on the another(prenominal) side of the world. And meeting these demands is couple to long working hours for the laborers, poor compliance of policies, risk of negligence in monitoring safety precautions and even sorting to usage of cheaper more volatile chemicals to lower the production costs (Duhigg, par.9). Above are the images of industrial dis tricts of China depicting its hazardous consequence to the environment and its people (Lu Guang). Apple never cared about anything other than increasing product quality and decreasing production cost

Brand message placement and print circulation Coursework

Brand message placement and print circulation - Coursework ExampleThe printed press is also losing basis to the internet. People prefer to read their news online than to read them from newspapers and magazine. Due to this tendency advertisers have realized that digital media is the wave of the future.There are different ways in which companies can advertize their products online. Companies can make use of different online strategies such email advertising, online classified ads, banners, links, and search engine placement among other popular strategies. The hail of advertising online is much cheaper than the traditional media channels. Another advantage of online advertising is that companies can target their audience better. For framework a ships company that sells sporting goods can advertise in specialized sporting websites such as espn.com or yahoo sports. The internet also has the capability to track better the results of an advertising campaign. If a company invests in sea rch engine ads and pays for 10,000 hits, the advertiser will receive the amount of views that it paid

Management Research Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Management Research Methods - Essay typefaceNumerical data are exact and specific therefore, their treatment is necessarily objective. On the different hand, soft data are descriptive and experiential, and therefore their treatment is subjective. There are necessary differences in the philosophies that ordain quantitative and soft question methods. These philosophies define the world-view the method assumes when conducting research. The quantitative method is grounded in positivism, which asserts that the knowledge that is self-collected through research can only be significant if it can be measured. It proceeds from the possibility of Auguste Comte, the French philosopher, that the world is an external environment that can be assimilaten externally and measured objectively. Opinions, impressions, and perceptions that cannot be measured are not significant in a positivist approach (Zawawi, 2007, p. 3). Qualitative possibleness, on the other hand, is based on the philosophy of phenomenology. This philosophy states that the world and its touchableity derive their meaning from people (Husserl, 1946 in Zawawi, 2007, p. 3). The experiences of people concerning certain phenomena provide their significance, thus their subjective understanding of the event or phenomenon is what comprises knowledge. This is why qualitative approach uses cases, descriptions and narratives to convey the knowledge gathered about an event. Comparing qualitative and quantitative approaches highlights certain key contrasts. One is that the quantitative method is deductive while the quantitative method is inductive. The deductive approach begins from effected theory that relates to the topic being researched, and then goes on to seek evidence of its application in the real world. A hypothesis is tested based on the chosen theory, then situations are tested to see if they comply with the theory. On the other hand, the qualitative method makes use of the inductive approach, which be gins with the focus of the research the introduce or problem, or the organization under study and at the end of the research develops a theory that would explain the phenomena observed (Greener, 2008, p. 16). Furthermore, the quantitative approach is positivist while the qualitative is reckonivist. The positivist approach is characterized by the use of the scientific interrogatory most closely associated with the natural sciences. The positivist approach emphasizes those observations that may be made with the senses, and promotes the process of experimentation, of statistically proving or disproving hypotheses, and to explain the discrepancies or deviations from the rule. Positivism emphasizes the objective or normative. On the other hand, quantitative techniques lean more towards interpretivism, which in turn is closest to the social sciences. This branch of the sciences attempts to interpret social phenomena in a way that explains consistently their causes and effects (Greene r, 2008, p. 16 -17). There are umpteen other differences between the quantitative and qualitative approaches to research, but these are their most important contrasts. Section B With reference to Qualitative approaches describe the common methods used for data collection and analysis. (1000 words) According to Creswell (1998), qualitative research is defined as an inquiry process of understanding based on distinct methodological traditions of inquiry that explore a social or human problem. The researcher builds a complex, holistic picture, analyses words, reports

A Critical Aaccount of a Philosopher's Educational Idea (John Dewey) Term Paper

A Critical Aaccount of a Philosophers Educational Idea (John Dewey) And Their Usefulness to And Implications for the Bahamas - limit Paper ExampleThis essay stresses that the contributions of John Dewey to the present teaching method will always be felt. To him, education is as fundamental to social life as reproduction and nutrition are important to physiological life. He viewed education as a necessity in life where a child is innate(p) knowing nothing only that it is born in a social group. According to John Dewey, only communication is educative and any individual who actively participates in communication learns just aboutthing. For a society to march on existing, a teaching and learning process must be existing. An individual learns the way to respond to an guinea pig through participation in communication that involves common understanding. It has also been found earlier that living in concert is educative and this is especially in the experiences that the individual g ains from the other members of the society.This paper makes a conclusion that the environment that surrounds a learning area has some influence in the learning process. This environment that interferes can be specify as the surrounding conditions that are related to the execution of the activity. Education can also guide, direct, or keep back an individual. The child knows no direction appertaining to the life customs of the society that the child has been born and will be brought up in. For the child to grow up in a way that is acceptable to the society some guidance is necessary and this guidance can only be acquired through education. Education is also important in areas such as growth, preparation of the future, conservation etc. Students in schools should also be granted opportunities to play.

The Ed Sullivan Show Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

The Ed Sullivan Show - Assignment Example about musicians did not take in seriously the value of censorship on national television. It could also be that some musicians be not really that conservative when it comes to the lyrics of the song as long as they are benefiting from it and they are giving the kind of entertainment the general public wants to have.By doing what has been prohibited by the show, the sight recognize more popularity. They thought that being on the show was a big help to gain more exposure, the same exposure gained by the Beatles, the Stones and Elvis during their guesting on the show.stated that there is a necessitate to evaluate the context where the censorship happens and the general context where imposing such restriction is seen as unobjectionable as well as the particular context of the event. It is also important to evaluate the outcome of for each one censorship both for the censors and for the censored.The contested subjects are the same sex, poli tics, and drugs/alcohol and the adversaries are the same a counter-cultural or subcultural audience against the representatives of the countrys dominant corporate order

HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT - Essay ExampleFor example, the general management leave use the resources required and give signatories to implement the strategy hence they need to be aware of the strategy and its implications on the operations of the company. Providing exclusively the information about the business strategy to the general management is vital in ensuring that they give a go ahead so that the strategy is implemented.The human resource organizational strategy, which exit make their policies work, is one that divides the role of decision making among the employees, which is referred to as employee or labor relations (Abella, 2004). For example, divergent groups will be delegate different tasks, which they will be responsible for and ensure that the tasks they are assigned are accomplished. Sharing decision-making makes employees comfortable with their job since they will have a feeling of self worth. Consequently, this will enhance the operations of the company and pro ductivity will rise. In addition human resource stinkpot use a compensation strategy, which will see that the hard working employees are given bonuses for the limited work they do.To be a stage 6 passenger car in the construction company, the manager necessarily ensure that their practices are directed towards achieving the goals the company has set within the time provided while taking grapple of the needs of every worker (Armstrong, 2008). The manager should use orientation where he will ensure that all the workers are protected in terms of justice and welfare, which will be the same for everyone in the company. The manager should ensure that every worker is authorize to a medical cover and incase of injury or sickness, they are treated promptly and in the best way. He should also ascertain that workers are entitled to joining unions, which will be responsible for forwarding their complaints to the management. Furthermore, the manager should ensure that his motives are moral and should be

MEDICINE MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

medicament MANAGEMENT - Essay ExampleThis paper discusses medicine focusing of Salbutamol. It starts by examining the legal and ethical frameworks in medicine management and tribunal in the UK and how they impact medicine management executes it then discusses safe ordering, receiving, storage, administration and disposal of Salbutamol nebules. The paper then discusses drug management and administration in Patient Group Directions (PGD), this is through with(p) by explaining the meaning of PGD and the legal framework that establishes it before exploring the possibility of Salbutamol nebules being included as iodine of the PGD medications. Finally the paper examines self medication and points out some of its advantages to the whole process medicine management and administration.The legislative framework for medicines management and administration in the UK includes a number of legislations relating to the prescription, supply, storage, and administration of drugs (NHS, 2011). All practitioners including nurses and pharmacists harbour to comply with these pieces of legislation for the safety of patients as well as for general ethical conduct in the practice of medicine (Grifith, 2009). The control of medicines in the UK is carried out mainly through the Medicines Act (1968) and other relate legislation in the country and in Europe. According to NMC (2008) administration of medicines is a significantly important picture of the professional contract of nurses. The Nursing and Midwifery Council takes recognition of the fact that medicines management is a flexible practice as opposed to being performed in strict compliance with the instructions of the medical practitioners prescribing the drugs. The body recognizes the immensity of drug administration being practiced through professional judgement and though on the break of practitioners (NMC, 2009).Medicines management and administration is one of the areas that are affected by frequent errors and it is wel l recognized

Teen Pregnancy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

young Pregnancy - Research Paper ExampleThe United States has the highest number of teen pregnancy in the earthly concern with recent statistics revealing that nearly 46% of teenagers in the ages of 15-19 hire indulged in sex (Teen pregnancy statistics). In order to reduce this growing rate of teenage pregnancy, abstention from sex is widely recommended for teenagers by many another(prenominal) conservative politicians and health personal by educating teenagers about the effects of pre-marital sexual practices. However, many pediatricians and health counselors sacrifice expressed that mere informing of sexual abstinence would not be sufficient and have recommended that teenagers should have access to birth control and emergency contraceptive options which would be helpful, especially in cases where the teenager was compel in to sex. (Teen pregnancy statistics). Hence, despite the various views expressed teenage pregnancy can be in effect controlled and managed through adequate knowledge about sexual practices and access to birth control measures in accompaniment to sexual abstinence.At a younger age the sexual intercourse is mostly non-voluntary or unwished-for (Teen pregnancy statistics Facts on American Tanne, 2005). And such unprotected, unwanted sex increases the risk of pregnancy or creation affected with sexually transmitted diseases (Facts on American). Teen pregnancy not only affects the physical and psychogenic strength of the teenagers, the children born to such teenagers also suffer from problems such as low-birth weight and tend to perpetrate less well in school compared to children born to adult mothers (Teen pregnancy statistics). People, who believe that sexual abstinence is the only best way to reduce the occurrence of teenage pregnancy, stress that it is better not to teach teenagers more than what is required about sex as it would only result in an increased amour towards sexual practices. Rearing a teenager with the right family values will definitely help to gentle unnecessary thoughts about sex and sexual activities at a

Global marketing strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

international marketing strategy - Essay ExampleIn the current decade international marketing has emerged as a booming platform that holds significance in daily life of customers. National boundaries or topical anaesthetic regions are not restricted all to competitive forces. Firms operating in globalized economy can only be successful if they are responsive towards local and global market conditions. International marketing military operation comprises of various factors and companies need to develop strategies to encompass such factors. Skills of international marketing are an important survey of every firm whether it is involved in different activities of exporting for the company or score. Globalized market devote has witnessed a sudden drift in the recent years due to emergence of trading standards, practices and techniques. there are wide array of market entry barriers witnessed by firms who plan to go global. This study shall specify such barriers and even portray a c lear picture regarding two different market segments. Poundland is a variety store chain of United Kingdom that sells majority items in its store outlets at 1. Stephen smith and Dave Dodd had founded the company in 1990. The firm presently operates in more than 450 locations and comprises of 3000 kitchen ware, healthcare, home ware and gift products. It deals in 16 categories majority of which are clearance products or do not hold a brand name. This study would highlight the international expansion of Poundland into Japan and China. The major aim of this analytical study is to define the market conditions of a developing and developed country.Japan and China has been selected as two markets where Poundland will have a fit its business. Both these countries comprise of certain opportunities for the variety store chain. In order to establish market coif in a country it is essential to analyze its marketing environment. There is wide range of orthogonal forces that changes operati ng environment of a country.PESTEL analysis is basically

Independence Day Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

independency Day - Essay ExampleThis paper discusses the history of the United States and the meanings attached to the Independence Day.On June 11 in the year 1976 a committee was appointed by congress to write a proclamation and the five committee members appointed included Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, Robert Livingston, Thomas Jefferson and Roger Sherman who presented this draft to the congress on 28th of the same month.Voting was undertaken on the first of July whereby each colony had a single vote, South Carolina and Pennsylvania voted against declaring independency, however the next day South Carolina reversed its decision. New York on the other hand did not vote because delegates lacked warrant to vote, however authority was granted a calendar week later, and therefore on July 2 the declaration for independence was passed however congress debated on the draft ever-changing it and deleting few of its passages. On July 4 congress finished the wording and approved the Decl aration of Independence and which is right away celebrated as the Independence Day.Majority deport the apparent horizon that on quaternary July the unite states stated its impendence from British rule, there are various meanings attached to this day including a day which the united states ... The following is an analysis of the happening on and before July 4 1976.IndependenceMany have the view that independence was achieved on the 4th of July, however the independence was achieved through a series of activities that led to the independence of the thirteen colonies in the united states. Many argue that on July 4 the United States stated fencesitter but from the activities it is evident that colonies declared independent on the 2nd of July 1976. From history it is evident that there was a draft declaration of independence prepared by a committee selected by congress on the 28th of June.The draft declaration was tabled in parliament on the first of July, on this day a few states i ncluding South Carolina and Pennsylvania rejected the declaration while New York did not have the authority to vote. On the second of July voting was undertaken and South Carolina reversed its decision and there were a total of twelve votes that accepted the declaration and New York did not participate in the voting. For this reason therefore it is evident that the declaration of independence by colonized states was done on the 2nd of July where 12 states denounced colonial rule and declared independent from British rule. In the next two days congress edited the declaration deleting roughly of the contents of the draft including slavery and slave trade, the revised copy was made public on the 4th of July although many states and army commanders received the document days after. Signing of the Declaration of IndependenceHistory have the view that the declaration of independent was signed on the 4th of July by congress, however it is clear that some did not sign the

J.P.Morgan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

J.P.Morgan - Assignment ExampleMorgan 10 3.9.1 Strenngths 10 3.9.2 Weaknesses 10 3.9.3 Opportunities 10 3.9.4 Threats 10 4.0 Recommendations 12 5.0 Conclusion 12 6.0 References 13 1.0 Introduction J.P. Morgan & Co. is an investment and mercantile banking presidency which is primarily based in the United States. It was established by J. Pierpont Morgan and was generally known as Morgan or the House of Morgan. In the veritable day context, J.P. Morgan is a part of the JPMorgan by-line. This firm is considered to be the coordinate forerunners of two of the major banking organizations namely Morgan Stanley and JPMorgan Chase in the context of the United States and on a spheric scale. In the year 2000, J.P. Morgan was obtained by Chase Manhattan Bank and they formed into a new organisation i.e. JPMorgan Chase & Co. In the current day context, J.P. Morgan brand is utilised for the purpose of marketing definite JPMorgan Chase sell deals which include asset management, investment ban king along with commercial banking. In order to create efficiency, the company was build to restore its business operations in the year 2008. However, presently, the supremacy of J.P. Morgan is under risk as the organisation is facing authentic issues relating to the maintenance of sustainability in the business (Alef, 2009 Chernow, 2001). 1.1 Terms of Reference The primary purpose of the tell will be to analyse the current socio-political issues faced by the company. In order to analyse the current position of the company in a better way, it will also include a brief SWOT analysis to deliver a clear cut picture. Moreover, the reasons and expectations behind taking sustainability measures by the organisation would be ascertained and certain recommendations would be provided to the company so that it is able to maintain its leadership position. 2.0 social occasion In order to conduct a comprehensive analysis, secondary sources will be utilised to comprehend the current business strategies and expectations of the company. The information will be sourced by way of reviewing valuable secondary sources much(prenominal) as news articles, journals and books among opposites. The main reason behind using secondary sources is to minimise time along with associated costs. 3.0 Findings 3.1 Socio-Political Issues faced by J.P. Morgan In relation to the socio-political issues, it has been found that the company faced certain difficulties in this respect. base on the current scenario, it has been determined that the company has been facing issues pertaining to the financial matters. Additionally, the company has been found to face other issues which are mainly related to the financial aspects. It has been observed that the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) was looking for a US$6 billion fine from JPMorgan above mortgage claims that came into play as a result of the financial crisis. Moreover, it has been reported that the financial crisis may take up such a ho peless turn that the company may end up paying high amount of debts. In this correspondent context, it has been learnt that the range of fines may increase to a very high level that may amount to US$500 and US$600 million which the company may end up paying to the controller of assign (Perlberg & Roche, 2013 Ameresekere, 2012). Furthermore, other socio-political issues seem to take up a different picture. It has been analysed that the company engaged in certain marketing activities that were not quite apt for its sustainability perspective. It has been accused of wrongdoing in

Men and women have equal pay. Discuss Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Men and women have tolerable pay. Discuss - Essay ExampleRecognising the biased nature of the wage situation, several attempts have been made on the part of the UK government and other equal-rights organisations to remove the inequality, but limited progress has been made until now. Rather, the situation persists despite the fact that laws have been passed to discourage this practice1. Theories for the existence and persistence of this problem are many. Some blame the discredit direct of education or other kind of training possessed by women others to the willingness of women to accept initial wage offers. Still others attribute the wage gap to problems in the labour market or to the climb up responsibilities of women as mothers or child-carers. Whatever the reason occupational segregation, sex discrimination, or other it is evident that even off today the labour market is constructed in a way that allows women to be poorly paid for a job that they do as well as the men who wor k alongside them.One reflect describes wage discrimination as stemming from the crowding of women into a limited range of occupations (Walby and Olsen, 2002, p. 41). This is also known as occupational segregation. Women have made great strides in the working world since their general entrance into the workforce, which occurred hardly recently. However, they still have much to do in order to be considered on the same level as men. In the British Virgin Islands, poverty has been especially associated with female headed households because of the concentration of women in freeze off paying jobs (Status of Women, 2005). This type of crowding is typical all over the United Kingdom. Women are forced into menial or low-skilled jobs, largely because many do not possess the education or skill to engorge higher positions. This is especially true of older women, who lived in a generation where women were much less probable to attain higher levels of education. As a result, women find them selves in general receiving less money than

What Is The Globalization Essay Example for Free

What Is The Globalization EssayForeword The scotch expert has c solelyed globalisation the to the highest degree abused word of the 21st century. Ironically, its clich status does no contri savee much to car park beneathstanding of the term. The more extensively it is used by both scientists and popular media, the more ambiguous it appears.That is wherefore the first and foremost task of the current report is to consider the terms definitions and the scope of phenomena it c all oers. Besides, I would like to focus on the chief(prenominal) gainsays globalisation presents to macrocosm indemnity-making, paying attention especially to the adepts which require situates sovereignty and at the like time cause a number of early(a) issues. What is globalisation? Definitions of globalizationFirst, let us dwell upon some of the possible definitions of the word globalisation. Globalization (or globalisation) in its veridical sense is a social change, an increased conne ctivity among societies, and their elements due to transculturation, the explosive evolution of transport, and communication technologies to facilitate world(prenominal) cultural and economical exchange. The term is applied in various social, cultural, commercial and economic conditions. Globalization batch mean1)The cultivateation of a global village- closer cont suffice among various parts of the world, with increase possibilities of personal exchange, interchangeable understanding and friendship between world citizens2) economical globalisation more exemption of trade and increasing relations among members of an industry in different parts of the world (globalization of an industry)3) The negative effects of for-profit multi subject area corporations- the use of substantial and sophisticated juristic and financial means to circumvent the bounds of topical anaesthetic anaesthetic laws and stock(a)s, in order to leverage the labor and services of unequally-developed regions against all(prenominal) other.( Globalization,2004 ) Thus, the notion is viewed predominantly from the social burden in its core meaning, and the scope of further implications is determined by the specific field or context of its concrete application. In Globalization and Its Discontents a few different definitions atomic number 18 provided. Globalization jakes be defined as the unfolding resolution of the contradiction between ever expanding capital and its national semi policy-making and social formationGlobalization drive out also be grasped as the triumph of capitalism, that is, as the say-so of economics over politics, of corporate demands over prevalent form _or_ system of governing, of the private over the general interest, of the TNC ( transnational corporations) over the national rural atomic number 18a .Globalization peck further be defined as the arrival of self-generating capital at the global level that is, capital as capital, capital in the form of the TNC, free of national loyalties, controls, and interests ( McBride 2000, pp.8- 9). These definitions be confined to one nucleus understanding that globalisation should be viewed in terms of correlation between economy and politics. It is economy that takes over the purely national institutions in the course of globalisation.The two following phenomena are of special importance for the current report, since they generate the main challenges to popular policy, which will be considered in the succeeding(prenominal) part.1) Increase in the share of the world economy controlled by multinational corporations2) Erosion of national sovereignty finished establishment of transnational institutions, quasi governments.It is required to note, that these two phenomena are almost interrelated, transnational institutions forming a kind of legal basis for corporations power implementation. The increasing role of TNCs and transborder institutions naturally confront the status quo intr a- and outside(a) relations. What challenges globalisation presents to states public policy and what new mood of thinking and policy-making can evolve as a result of such confrontation is discussed in the next part.III. Globalisation and Public PolicyThe main kinks of globalisation which of them can present a challenge?In his article Democracy, globalization, and the problem of the state Michael Goodhart focuses on the trends of globalisation. I will try to make out , which problem the government faces to handle each of them. adept of such trends consists in the so-called interpenetration of market places as a result of their expansion. The trend definitely puts policy-makers in front of a dilemma how to keep the balance between fair competition of free market and the necessity to protect home industryAnother one refers to the rapid development in entropy and communication technologies such as Internet and satellite communication. This is definitely one of the main benefits of globalisation, though it can cause some problems as well, particularly the one of security, and, I am afraid, not only randomness securityFragmentation or localization the trend toward ethnic revivalism, reinvigorated nationalism, religious fundamentalism, and other local patterns of identification and organization (Goodhart 2002) is a logical counteraction to unification and standardization globalisation can bring. This is a form of resistance, which can be abused by manipulators of public consciousness.The next two trends are of complete importance for the current report, and they do challenge policy-makers around the globe. I will give an exact source from M. Goodharts research articleThe first of them is expanding power of TNCs and other non-state institutions of ecesis the growing prominence of TNCs both as economic entities eager to elude the direct control and regulation of states and as actors and agents in global governance. M both observers note the parallel expansion of other quasi-public and private institutions of governance (Goodhart 2002)Another strong trend can be described as declining policy and regulatory role of the state the diminishing policy autonomy of states and their in capacity to reside effective actors in internationalist political and economic affairs. The claim is that markets bound or dictate state policy rapid capital flows and speculation against currencies can destabilize and regular wreck national economies. (Goodhart 2002) Further on, I will give them consideration from a slightly different angle The Global World vs. Sovereignty. A more interesting and, from a policy perspective, more smart question is how states and governments might react to the phenomenon of globalization and any potential challenge to their sovereignty arising from it. Just how does globalization challenge a governments sovereignty? (Reinicke 1998, p. 53) To answer this question a distinction between external an infixed sovereignty should be drawn .Both are relational concepts. But whereas the former focuses on a states external environment and characterizes relations among states inside the international system, the latter depicts a states setting within its proclaim territory, characterizing, for example, relations between a government and its citizens, the economy, or other, more narrowly defined groups and institutions. From the perspective of this study, public policy is defined as the principal instrument by which governments running(a)ize internal sovereignty both in a constitutive and in an executive sense. (Reinicke1998, pp.53-4)What is usually meant by public policy? What is the scope of policy-makers natural process? This is a typical encyclopaedia definitionPublic policy is the study of policy making by governments. . A governments public policy is the set of policies (laws, plans, actions, behaviors) that it chooses.Birkland offers up these common traits of all definitions of public policy (p. 20)The pol icy is made in the publics name.Policy is generally made or initiated by government.Policy is interpreted and implement by public and private actors.Policy is what the government intends to do.Policy is what the government chooses not to do (Globalization,2004)Traditionally, state policy is strictly divided into domestic and foreign, which becomes impossible in the global world. The distinction is blurred political and economic management is thus challenged. The distinction between internal and external sovereignty is to facilitate a more profound understanding of the nature of this challenge and to give the answer to the question whether globalization violates states sovereignty.So, we can speak of internal and external instead of domestic and foreign, and in their turn these two dimensions are correlative with globalization and interdependence correspondingly.The term complex interdependence was first coined to describe a condition in which autonomous states are related by a gro wing number of channelspolitical, social, economic, cultural, and others. So interdependence, or mutual dependence implies sensitivity or vulnerability to an external force. The units to be studied when examining and measuring interdependence are territorially bound, sovereign nation-states. International interdependence thus denotes a condition of mutual sensitivity and vulnerability among states in the international system. From the perspective of each state, the source of this sensitivity and vulnerability is external (Reinicke1998, p.55)The main quality of economic interdependence is an increased cross-border flow of goods , services and capitals . It defines the division of labour among national economies. All the circumstanceors form the framework of international finance and trade. However, despite this expanded flow of goods, services, and capital across borders, national frameworks for policymaking under conditions of interdependence remain for the most part separate from the international arena. In other words, the increased fundamental interaction of national economies due to rising specialization leads to heightened interdependence, or, as is often argued, simply dependence, yet national governments remain the principal center of political and economic power as well as the locus of decision-making. Economic events in other countries do not have a direct and immediate impact on the domestic economy only when are filtered through a set of policy boundaries, the effectiveness of which begins at, but does not reach beyond, the territory of the domestic economy.( Reinicke,1998, p.55)Reinicke also points out that it is not de jure legal sovereignty but de facto operational sovereignty which is challenged by interdependence.In operational terms, internal sovereignty in todays modern res publica means the ability of a government to formulate, implement, and manage public policy t and society at largeA threat to a countrys operational internal sovereign ty implies a threat to its ability to conduct public policy. With respect to the economy, the legal dimension of internal sovereignty becomes operational when governments collect taxes or regulate private firmament activities, as additioning that the boundaries that define the relationship between the public and the private sector are both stable and symmetric.In contrast to internal sovereignty, external sovereignty implies the absence of a supreme authority and therefore the independence of states in the international system. (Reinicke1998, p.57)The two concepts of sovereignty are closely interrelated, one giving basis or rational to the existence of another. It is quite clear that a states sovereignty cannot possibly be implemented through its external element because it is internal regularities and legal and public patterns that hold a state together.According to what has been previously said about interdependence and challenges it presents to sovereignty, it is all beta(p) t o focus on the impact of globalisation. A few definitions of globalisation have already been given in previous parts of the current report. Another one is necessary within the given context.According to one definition, globalization in its pure form is a process that subsumes and rearticulates national economies into the global economy through cross-national processes and transactions. These processes and transactions take on an autonomous role in a consolidated global marketplace for production, distribution, and consumption. According to this view, the global economy dominates national economies existing within it. (Reinicke1998, p. 63)Hence, the attention should be drawn to the fact that while interdependence is, so to speak, cross- or transeconomical, being coherent element, connecting national economies, globalisation is something that lies within the economy, i.e. it is intrinsic, organic to them.As national borders no longer encompass sufficient territory to function as co mplete markets for global companies, the spacial structure and dynamics that delineate the geography of private sector economic activities are becoming decoupled from the territorial structure and dynamics that define political geography, that is, the territorially bound nation-state and its power of decision-making within the economyQualitatively, this disjuncture, or mismatch, between political and economic geography does not challenge the external sovereignty of states. It cannot. Rather, by altering the spatial relationship between the private and the public sector, global corporate networks challenge the internal sovereignty of states. Specifically, since the organizational logic of globalization induces corporations to seek the fusion of multiple, formerly segmented national markets into a single whole, it generates an economic geography that subsumes multiple political geographies.As a result, a government no longer has a monopoly of legitimate power over the territory with in which corporations organize themselves. The greater the mismatch between political and economic geography, the more difficult it will be for national governments to act in an inclusive manner, allowing individuals to coexist and interact in a relatively predictable environment. This leads to the heightened perception of try and insecurity widely observed in our societies (Reinicke1998, p.64-65)Globalisation world is the world of training. The ability to conduct public policy properly depends on the governments access to information. The challenge is, their authorities spread only to a geographically national territories, not to the compasss of actual influence. To provide security, they need to obtain operational information about economic actors, which do not necessarily perform their businesses within a geographically restricted territory.Thus, the so-called information asymmetries arise. These asymmetries have al guidances been the case in the modern world but the more glob alised it gets, the more hammy these gaps appear. The governments sometimes face the challenge of the most crucial informations absence, which leads to not at all unfounded anxiety of whether they are able to ensure national and global security. For example, it may present a huge difficulty for tax-assessing and collecting.But the information gaps may lie not only in the sphere of economy. A tragic evidence of traditional institutions inconsistency was September 11. It needs to be recognised that globalisation is not just about increased flows between territorially distinct units, but also represents a more fundamental challenge to the spatial logic of international relations. The weapons systems of 11 September were launched from the eastern seaside of the USA, not from across its borders. The perpetrators and their supporters were citizens of numerous countries. Most of the perpetrators had been educated in the USA and some were even US citizens. The target was not the military c apacity of the USA but the symbols of its global hegemony.The fact that so some victims were non-American also reminds us that US power is embedded in transnational networks that transcend national boundaries. A new security politics needs to recognise the increasingly meaningless separation of the domestic and the international that informs so much conventional security thinking (Beeson, Bellamy 2003 ). What happened is partially a result of the disjuncture between traditional governance, bounded spatially, and the global world following the new logics Given the expansive nature of globalization, the spatial symmetry between the public and the private is disappearingLike interdependence, globalization does not and cannot in any way challenge the legal internal sovereignty of a government.Globalization challenges internal operational sovereignty, and it is important for the subsequent discussion to keep this distinction in mind. Thus, just as states became increasingly sensitive an d indefensible to the actions of other states as increasing interdependence weakened their external operational sovereignty, so their internal operational sovereignty is being undermined by globalization, as territorially bounded governments can no longer scheme their power and policymaking capacity over the territory within which a global industry operates (Reinicke1998, p.66)The problem does not only refer to global security and global economy but to civil cociety and its citizens rights. Although individuals may arrange their legal right to vote, the power or influence of that vote in shaping public policy has decreased with the decline in operational internal sovereignty and will continue to do so. Ultimately, a persistent weakness and failure of internal sovereignty, therefore, will lead to a questioning of the institutions and processes of democracy itself ( Reinicke1998 , p.69)To sum up, the globalization of industry presents a challenge to the capacity of governments to g overn. But this challenge to their ability to conduct public policy is not an external challenge. It does not emanate from another state, as usually conceptualized in the standard approaches to the study of international relations, and in particular of international interdependence, which focuses on external sovereignty. Rather, the challenge comes from within each country, as economic networks (legal and illegal alike) increasingly operate in a nonterritorial functional set that defies individual territorialities and thus internal sovereignties (Reinicke1998, p.69) Governments responseIn the light of the challenges, which were considered above the question arises, in what way should governments react to globalisation and its consequences. W.Reinicke suggests three possible ways to deal with the issue, namely defensive discourse, offensive intervention and global public policy.Policymakers can intervene defensively or offensively in globalization. By maintaining or resurrecting ba rriers to globalization through protective economic measures such as tariff and nontariff barriers, capital controls, or other national regulatory measures in the domains of transport, communications, and information, defensive intervention would in principle return internal sovereignty to the national government.This, in turn, would force companies to reorganize along national lines, much as they did before they select global strategies An alternative strategy to defensive intervention is offensive intervention. Here countries themselves become global competitors, stock to provide the most attractive environment possible for the strategies of global companies within their own territorial boundaries, or to lobby other countries on behalf of their domestic corporations in support of their overseas strategies (Reinicke1998, p. 83)A number of measures can be of use with the latter type such as cutting taxes to attract I capitals flow, subsidies, war-ridden export promotion campaigns . Corruption , bribery are not underestimated in this case.Finally, Reinicke suggests in his opinion the most effective strategy, that of a global public policy. Global public policy differs from both interventionist strategies in that it reverses the enrollment path between the two geographies by realigning the political with the economic geography.Rather than laborious to force the economic geography of globalization to adjust to the political geography of interdependence, global public policy alters the political geography in a way that can both accommodate economic globalization and at the same time allow countries to continue to exercise internal sovereignty. Under these circumstances, the reach and management of internal sovereignty are no longer defined by territoriality, but rather by the spatial lengthening of globalization, that is, on a functional or sectoral basis (Reinicke1998, p.87). It is global public policy that need governance but does not need a global governme nt.III. Conclusion In the modern world to force out the phenomenon of globalisation would not only be impossible but also dangerous. Elaboration of the efficient strategies is necessary to cope with the information gap, which is the main challenge to public policy conduction. Transnational corporations increasingly take over the intranational legitimate organs and reduce the role of democracy and civil rights influence upon the course of events. Under these conditions a few approaches are possible, some of them presupposing artificial intervention and oppression to the current circumstances. The most productive way , however, is to eliminate the problematic disjuncture between political and economic geography is not by trying to update it but to create an entirely new system of governance, which can be called global public policy.BibliographyBeeson, M.,Bellamy, A. 2003. Globalisation, Security and International Order after 11 September,The Australian Journal of Politics and History , vol. 49, no. 3, pp.339-340Chanda, N. 2003, Coming Together Globalisation means reconnecting the human community, Available at http//yaleglobal.yale.edu/about/essay.jspEllwood, D.2002, Americanisation or Globalisation? David Ellwood Argues That the Attempts of British Politicians to Copy an American Role Model Are Likely to Fail,History Today, vol.52, no. 9Globalization,2004, Available at encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/globalizationGoodhart, M.2002, Democracy, Globalization and the Problem of the State,Polity,vol.33,no.4, pp.527-528Jhunjhunwala , B. 2004, Alternative Globalization, Addis Tribune, Available at http//yaleglobal.yale.edu/display.article?id=870Kearney, A.T..2003, Measuring Globalization Whos Up, Whos Down,Foreign Policy,60-61McBride, S.(ed.).2000,Globalization and Its Discontents, Macmillan, BasingstokeMittelman, J.2002, Making Globalization Work for the Have Nots, International Journal on World Peace, vol. 19, no. 2, pp.3-4Reinicke, W.1998,Global Public Policy Gov erning without Government? The Brookings Institution, Washington, DCShuja, S.2001, Coping with Globalisation,Contemporary Review, 279, no.1630, pp.257-258

Corrections Accreditation Essay Example for Free

corrections Accreditation EssayCorrections Accreditation this is a system of verification that correctional agencies and facilities comply with national standards promulgated by the American Association. Accreditation Correction, which true the national stand to be used in granting organization accredited status, accreditations officially began in 1978. In essence it measures the organizations compliance with nationally accepted standard in the field, as maintained by the accreditation program. (Ch. 8 p179) I feel that corrections accreditation affect the professional development of the correction officers in a exhaustively appearance, this dish outs the officer to develop skills on a higher direct, special training as well as high qualities of head and heart makes a good prison or reformatory officer. While accreditation stress comparable status for their employing organization, accreditation help set the standard for training both operational and management level positi ons. (Ch. 8 p178)Privatization is a mystic operated prison that houses prisoners for a profit its closely related to opposite important issues in corrections over the last past two decades, the role of the private mass in correction or more specifically, the private operation of bushel prisons and jails. In 1980, no secure privately operated jails or prisons existed in America. By 2001, about 150-100 prisons and jails were open for business hold about 120,000 prisoner, or 6 percent of the jail and prison population. (Ch8 p 192) There is not much of a polar when comparing privatized prisons to state and federal prisons, a lot of the private operate the same way and erstwhile(prenominal) mimic the state and federal prisons, they appear to perform at the same level of efficiency as the public facilities, although they tend to house a higher proportion of minimum-custody inmates in relatively new facilities, private prisons tend to imbibe the staffing patterns, provide the same le vel of work, education and counseling program, so I would have to say that the private prison meet the criteria well. (ch 8 p189) The private prisons have an effect on both the state and federal prisons, with lineingand financial problems a lot of businesses feel the economic bite, but not the private prison systems.These institutions atomic number 18 run for the purpose of turning of a profit, state and federal prisons argon contracted out to private companies who are paid a fixed amount to house apiece prisoner per day, their profits result from spending the minimum amount of state or federal fund on each inmate, only to pocket the remaining capital, the more inmate the more money.(Global Research.com) Some of the way that the industry leader plan to better correctional officers professionalization and accreditation is to educate, training, and better training programs, all of this are key parts in professionalization. I feel that if they take some of the money that make and a maze back into the training programs this would be helpful for the institution in the outcome of furture of young officer, corrections accreditation help set the sandards for the professionalism and operation of prisons.

Explain the importance of Curleys Wife in the novel Essay Example for Free

Explain the importance of Curleys Wife in the novel EssayPlan* Symbols ruddy lipstick* Not given a nameCurleys wife may breakm an insignifi backsidet eccentric because she has not even been given a name by Steinbeck. Her name suggests that she is nothing more than nonpareil of Curleys possessions. When she first appears in the novel, she is dressed up as if she is planning on going out into town, kind of than just spending her day wandering around the ranch. The image of her organism a sex aim is emphasised by the fact that Curley keeps a glove fulla Vaseline, for her benefit. However, Curleys wife is influential to the book as she characterises loneliness, the longing for the American reverie, risk and sexism. Her appearances in the novel are extremely consequential at they change the consummate mood of the scene in which she appears in.We see that the first time we are introduced to Curleys wife, she is heavily made up full, rouged lips, red fingernails and red mul es. The colour red symbolises danger and sexiness, and the fact that she is wearing these items creates a whiz of anticipate that she will be the cause of George and Lennies failure to achieve their dream of having their own plot of land. other symbol is shown by the rectangle of sunshine in the doorway was cut off. This immediately creates a sense of danger and doom in the readers mind due to the absence of light. However, we can see that the reason for Curleys wife cosmosness flirtatious is because she wants to get away from the loneliness that surrounds her.By flirting, it means she can communicate with other hands who otherwise would not talk to her because they do not want any trouble with Curley. However, by being flirtatious, she actually increases the hostility of the other men on the ranch as they become suspicious. We can see that she tells Lennie I get lonely(a)Aint I got the right to talk to nobody? However, she then explains the reason behind her flirtatious natu re I cant talk to nobody but Curley. Else he gets mad. However, we actually see that the matrimony between them is already starting to break down because Curley thinks that his wife is givin Slim the eye.Curleys wife is also important as she conveys the theme of sexism. We see that Curley, who keeps his hand soft for her, regards her as a sexual object. Instead of viewing any consideration towards his wife, Curley only wants to increase his sexual prowess. The only way in which Curleys wife can talk to other men is by dolling up. However, when she does this, they talk even less to her, driving her behaviour further. Therefore, she stay excluded from everyone. We even see that Whit regards Susy higher than Curleys wife a laugh and hell of a square-toed place. This is a rare time when any woman in the novel is actually shown any kindness, and a complement.Curelys wife, as with many of the other characters, wants to live out the American dream Coulda been in the movies. It is this dream that drives and compels her to accommodate on with her otherwise miserable life on the ranch. However, her sudden death shatters her only hope of being able to get away from ranch life, where she is clearly not happy. We can see that the shattering of her dream is mirrored exactly by the death of Lennie, ending the dream for George and Candy. This shows that because she failed living the American dream, it is an ominous foreboding of the fate for George and Lennie.Curleys wife also plays an essential part in the novel, as she plays crucial parts in changing the mood of the scene. When she is first introduced, hope created by the arrival of Candy is wiped out and the reader gets an ominous warning, which is emphasised by Georges caution to Lennie you keep away from herjail bait. Furthermore, when Curleys wife arrives in chapter four, the excited mood created by wanting to achieve the American dream, changes to a more melancholy mood. We can see that because Curleys wife is lo nely all the time, she has turned into a spiteful and vicious person a nigger and a dum dum an a lousy ol sheep.

GORE TEX Essay Example for Free

GORE TEX Essay pierce-Tex is a international textile comp whatsoever. It was first founded by Bill and Vieve Gore as W.L. Gore Associates in 1958. The comp whatever started with dowry the electronic products market place. In 1969, Bob Gore independently discovered expanded polytetrafluoroethylene and introduced in the market as Gore-Tex. In at onces date Gore-Tex is more foc utilise on electronics, fabrics, industrial and checkup products. It is a partnership that keeps on sustain its business with innovative design and improving the quality and dish by understanding customers contain and requirement. It is one of the 200 largest privately held U.S. companies. It has in like manner been awarded as 21st trump out place to bailiwick in boilers suit 100 best companies to blend in for in United States in 2013. As it is a multinational company it has revenue of $ 3 billion and over every(prenominal) 10,000 employees working for the company all over the world. (Gore, 2013 )As we pass to it into the company they function in a very unique way. They add up the inversion of traditional management principal through which at that place atomic number 18 no manager, bosses and fixed appoint job. They only puddle drawing cards that they vex to follow as per their wish and contri stille their familiarity and skills to make the project successful. At Gore-Tex mess argon acquit to line up up with their make roots and innovation. As there is no position hierarchy they ar all fair to to to each one one other. They also encourage each other to grow in knowledge and responsibility as they opine growth within the cater member leave behinding benefactor in the growth of a company. Gore-Tex union once has hired outsider to work on project which had a negative feign on the company, they had to bring their existing cater member from other branch to help them improve. When classs ar hired, they argon point by sponsor, growing understanding o f opportunities and squads goal. This all happens in an environment that combines freedom with cooperation and self-direction with synergy. (Gore, 2013) So, Building trust and organizing police squad work with theemployees is the one of the key success f numberor of the company. Leader at Gore-Tex attractionship is a wreak whereby an someone influences a group of individual to carry through a common goal (Northo riding habit, 2013). At Gore-Tex Company there is fairness among all the wizers and associates. The leaders in Gore-Tex consult with other associates within the company before undertaking any action that would impact the companys reputation. They have diverse types of leader some atomic number 18 leaders of project, some be police squad leader. When an individual survey was strikee at Gore 50% of the associates said they argon leaders.Leaders at Gore atomic number 18 henchmans as well. They believe to be a leader you need to be a follower as well. Leaders a rset be leader without having any followers. As a leader when they come up with their innovative design they sh atomic number 18 with the associates and convince them to follow them. The leader offer only influence people to follow them if they have earned respect with their knowledge and skills. The company believes that one should be able to convince other associates if they want to come up a leader. In other word they should earn their position as a leader.Being a leader in Gore-Tex is hard as compared to other organisation. In other companies they have their positional power as a leader. When it comes to Gore-Tex they should be able to convince their follower to fight down their position (Hamel, 2010). We elicit see there is a very high take aim of trust within the leader and associates in the organization. As today they may be the leader but tomorrow they will another(prenominal) leader. The leader of the squad is also elected from the team member itself. The leader is not chosen to command the team members, but to act as the representative of the team and to create coordination among them to succeed goal.Leaders in Gore-Tex are seemed to be transformational lead as they are energetic, enthusiastic and passionate and they seemed to be concerned about the growth of their team members. (Cherry, 2013) They are also emergent leaders as they are emerged with respect to the respond they get from group of employees that work in Gore-Tex. When others perceive an individual as the most influential member of group or an organization, irrespective of the individuals title, the person is exhibiting emergent leadership. (Northho white plague, 2013) As we looked into the case consider we corporation site that company operates in a very characteristic way. at that place are nomanagers or bosses in the company but only leaders and associates. When an independent survey was done 50 % of Gores associates said that they all are leaders. In Gore Individual employe e become leader by win over other associates about their ideas. They create their own idea and share among the associates and the people who believe in the idea will support and follow them. There are different types of leadership styluss and theories like Transactional and Transformational. When we look into transactional leaders there are usually rewarding and punishment. Although the performance is based on the followers, both leaders and associates maintain their coincidence as give and take. When someone performs well then they will be rewarded and if they are not performing properly they will be punished. (Cherry, 2013) Transformational leadership is the process whereby a person engages with others and creates a connection that raises the level of motivation and morality in the leaders and the followers.(Downton, 1973)The concept of Transformational leader was introduced by crowd together Burns, he explained Transformational leader are those who come up with their own crea tive ideas and innovation which will help to lead the top level management of an organization to deliver the goods similar goal. It is also a process that changes, transforms people, concerns with emotion, values ethics, standard and long-term goal (Northouse, 2013). As in Gore-Tex there is no layer of billet among the staff members. They have different team and the team are led by team members. They all show the characteristics of transformational leadership. They come up with their own ideas and strategy which they put among their associates and convince them to follow. Not only ideas, but the office or effort they put will help them to show the direction through which they can achieve goal.Comparing with the case study we can see that Gore-Tex influence there associates to come up with their idea and lead the group. Unlike in other company, associates in Gore-Tex do what is beneficial for the overall company. There is no pressure or fixed job keep aparted to the associates. S o, they have to be leader when they come with their own innovative ideas. There is high level of trust among the employees within the company, which will help the leader to convince their follower. It is also said to be a leader you need to be a follower as well. We can also see when an associate comewith a new idea, they share with everyone so that other employee interested in the idea will support and contribute. As a leader in Gore-Tex you should understand that their job is to unite team member and organize them to accomplish the objective.As we look into the managerial Grid it helps us to give the idea about how leaders will help an organization to achieve its goal. This model is based on two factors that are Concern for end product and Concern for the people.This guess was introduced by Blake Mouton, where they stated that leaders are likely to be successful if there is a equipoise in the midst of concern for people and the common objective. It can also be taken as a grap hical plot where leader should evaluate the importance of task and the employees. As shown in the above experience leaders behaviour are separated in two dimension, concern of the production course in x-axis and concern of people falls in y-axis. It helps us to show the different leadership style followed by the leaders. The managerial grid also helps us to rate the leaders fit in to their orientation towards the production and the people. The leaders who values the importance of their team and is also focused in the personal growth of their team members while moving forward towards the objective belongs to the concern for people. Similarly, the leaders who are more focused towards achieving the cover objective falls in concern for the production.There are different types of leadership style shown by the Managerial Grid. They are as follows1) Country club leadership (1,9) -In this leadership style, leaders are usually focused in the maintaining their relationship with their peop le. They are more concerned about the creating a intimate and pleasant working environment. In this leadership style the outcome level of production in low.2) cook or perish leadership (9,1)-In this leadership style, leaders basically focused on their work to be plumpd. There are slight bother about the employees need and their personal development. Their main range is to achieve the objective. In this stylethe production will be high and the concern for the people will be less.3) Impoverished leadership (1,1)-In this type of leadership, leader is neither much interested in maintaining relationship with people nor concerned about the production. This type of leadership style will lead towards less production and low satisfactory level of their people. It is likely to result in failure or dissatisfaction.4) center of attention of the Road lead (5,5)-In this leadership style, leader tries to balance both the relation with employees and production. These kinds of leaders are av erage performers as they tries to maintain and compromise both the concerning factors.5) squad leadership (9,9)-The leaders are super focused on maintaining both the production and satisfaction level of the people. This type of leadership will lead towards high production and satisfaction level. These leaders are also successful leader as they balances the both concerning factors to the maximum level. This kind of leadership will helps organization to achieve its objective.When we look into the case study we can see that leaders in Gore-Tex are highly focused in maintaining the outcome of production and the relation of their fellow employees. They also have a strong relationship between the company and the associates. The member of the team is also focused towards reaching their target. The team leader will balance everything thing in a very high level. They will increase the production as well as help their people in the personal growth. As we know the (9,9) managerial grid expla ins that the employees understand the value of the organizations objective and is heady to achieve it. So, these characteristics can prove that, leaders in Gore-Tex belong to the (9,9) team up management where leaders are highly concern about the production and their people.Motivation at Gore-TexGetting the best from people, achieving results through individuals and teams, maintaining legitimate high performance, inspiring oneself and otherinto action is known as motivation (Adair, 2004) In Gore-Tex motivation has been another key factor for the success of their business. They motivate their staff members by encouraging them to work in their own interested areas. The associates are allowed to choose their own work field. If you work at Gore-Tex you are not gainful for your work but for the contribution you have make towards the project.In Gore-Tex the associates will evaluate the contribution made by their colleagues and hence the earning is determined. This will lead to self-mo tivation where all the associates will be satisfied and there wint be any discrimination. If Gore-Tex makes more profit than the companys expectancy, it is split up among the leader and the associate though which can motivate staff member to be more focused towards their work. Another incite factor at Gore-Tex is there is no restriction for anything. The information freely flows within the organization and anyone can directly contact anyone and get what they needed to be successful. (Hamel, 2010)Bill Gore was influenced by the theory of Douglas McGregor, The Human look of Enterprise. It explained the theory X as the traditional view of direction and control and theory Y as the integration of individual and organizational goals. (Hamel, 2010)Douglas McGregor has developed the above theory X and theory Y based from Maslows Hierarchy of Needs. In this theory he explains that management should be aware of this inclined factors to motivate their employees. Both the theories have fac tors that belong to valet de chambre behaviour, but if the management choose the theory Y rather than theory X then they will have a better result. (Adair,2004) This theory manifestly explains the human behaviour at their work place and towards their organization. Theory X-Theory X explains that the human behaviour will try to ignore the work and will try to negotiate as much as possible. The reason for them to dislike or avoid the work is because they are controlled, pressurized, directed or used them to provide the adequate effort towards the organizational goal. As the employee is not willing to take the responsibility, a culmination supervision is required in form of supervisors and manager. When manager and supervisors take their action they mostly use guiding style. In this way the employee will lose their working ambition. Theory Y-This theory explains that supervision, punishment, control are not only the factors that will make people to add effort in their work to achiev e the organizational goal. If people are committed to the work then they will be give their best without anyone supervision. It also says that average employee will not only accept the responsibility but they will look for more responsibilities. The people have their own style of creativity and understanding. plaque should be able to use people the creativity, skills as a means of resource and pass their problem.According to the case study, In Gore-Tex they are free to choose and work in their interested areas. There is no specific job assigned by their leader its only the contribution they make towards their work. They dont have any form of close supervision to control them. There are only leaders and they help to pass away them in moving forward towards their goal. The Gore-Tex follows theory Y as their do factor. People in Gore-Tex are highly motivated as there is independence in work and the environment within the company helps them to be responsible and to seek more respons ibility.Groups, Teams and Team leaders at Gore-TexA group of individual who are united to achieve a common objective that is too large to achieve by single individual is known as team (Boller, 2005). Team work is required in each and every business organisation. In Gore-Tex Team work Play a vital role in functioning and operate of the business. The team member in Gore-Tex plans own way of functioning, objectives and plans to achieve the goal.The team members are the ones who elect their leader. Although leaders will help them to facilitate the achievement of objective, the team member will have the knowledge of the product they are working on. In Gore- the team members will decide the earning of the colleagues according to the contribution they have made towards the project. If an employee is interested in a project and feels like they can contribute, the team members will discuss the commitment and decide their involvement in new team.The team members directly communicate between themselves easily and are aware of the changes happening in the company. Gore-Tex is a team based, Flat Lattice Organization where all team members are every bit responsible to help each other to gain the objective. (Gore,2013) Team work has always played a vital role in each and every organization. Team works helps the work to be more efficient, convenient, faster and easier. It also helps the work level to be divided among all the team members so that an individual alone will not be pressurized. An effective team work will lead an organization towards its goal. Now-a-days each and every organization is focused in creating effective teams.Teams are usually build with respect, trust, understanding and similar goals. A team can only be effective if each and every member of team contributes equally.There are different types of team according to its nature. They are as follows1) Functional teams2) Cross functional teams3) Self-directed teams1) Functional teamsThese are the teams that work on event department with the vertical layers. These are the team that has a manager and his fellowship of a finicky sector. For example, a team working on a marketing sector consists of a manager and the staff members who will be focused in marketing department only. Basically it is a layer of staff members from different hierarchy functioning together in particular sector to achieve a goal.2) Cross-functional teamsThe expertise of different department but will come and work together as a team to achieve the organization goal are known as Cross-functional team. The cross functional team are usually temporary. They have specialized skills and experience. They are bought together to achieve or complete a particular task.3) Self-directed teams-These are the team that works without any supervision. These team take relative action themselves to solve day to day problems. These team members also have access to information that helps them in making decision, operating day to day fu nction and improving their operation.When we compare the different types of team with the case study we can see that the teams in Gore-Tex fall into self-managing team. They team member in Gore-Tex are self-responsible for the functioning and operating of the business. They dont need any supervision and they are also allowed to access to all the information. The teams in Gore-Tex are also independent as they have greater flexibility. In Gore-Tex the team member has better chemical reaction for their work done. It will help to increase more commitment towards their work and organization. We can also see that associates in Gore-Tex are self-motivated and they dont depend on anyone.Recommendation Conclusion-From the above study we can see that in Gore-Tex leaders are using transformational leadership style to lead their people. They have been successful in motivating their staff to meet the companys objective. Although we can see that in Gore-Tex they dont assign any particular work for their associates the company is still doing well. They believe there should be trust and understanding between the team members.The leader leading the team should be look up to by their followers. The leaders also influence and help their associate in their personal development. The team members are self-motivated and help each other to function properly. We can also acknowledge that Gore-Tex has a very distinctive working environment. Although they are successful in running their business they should still maintain some rules and polity within the organization. They should also create a hierarchy level because money is not only the motivating factor.Employee can get motivated by their job position. As there is no seniority level in the company and if they hire a new staff member they might have misinterpret which may lead to divided teams within the organization. As Gore-Tex is multinational company and they have branches in different part of the world. So, they should adjus t their companys policy putting diversity factors in account. They should at least(prenominal) have a department head that should be responsible for running day- to day operation. Gore-Tex doesnt assign any task to their associates which may lead into missing of the task that was supposed to be competed.As in Gore-Tex people get paid according to amount of contribution they make towards their work. This sometime may be demotivating as the associates may not be satisfied with themoney they received for they contribution they made to complete the task. In overall, Gore-Tex should have a layer of hierarchy. They should also maintain some regulation which should be followed by all the associates. They should also introduce some professionalism such as formal communication in their organization. They use transformational leadership which might not work in each and every situation. As they are free to choose their task, associates who doesnt like challenges will always choose easier task . So, the task level should be equally divided.References-Gore-Tex company information available at www. gore.co.ukGore-Tex leadership Style available at www.gore.co.ukPeter G. Northouse, (2013) leadership theory and practice. 6th edition, California Sega publications Neil Thomas Ed, (2004) The John Adair handbook of Management and leadership. Thorogood Garry Hamel, (2010) Innovation Democracy W.L Gores original management model available at www.managementexchange.com Kendra Cherry,(2013) transformational leaders available at www.psychology.about.com Leadership image available at www.google.co.uk

Recruitment Software Specification Essay Example for Free

Recruitment Software Specification EssayFeatures Functionalities of Recruitment Automation Software This is an software for the spatial relation consultants who work for their clients to recruit the best bunsdidate for them. This software will have three different focal point governances, namely campaigner Management, Client Management and Recruiters Management. Also there will be master admin who do-nothing control all these activities. Some optional modules can as well be suggested for the better management of the system.The features and functionalities1. Candidate Managementa. All the candidates data can be stored in the database by fill up a stochastic variable in which the name, phone, email, location, qualification, experiences, keywords and other related details of the candidate can be taken. b. The resume of the candidates can also be browsed and uploaded in the system c. The entire resume and the candidate profiles can also be searched by keyword, experience, l ocation etc.2. Client Managementa. The client details handle company name, address, contact person, phone, email, designation and the other related details can be entered in the form and saved to create the master of the clients b. The MOU with a client can be digitally uploaded in the system c. The clients open sights can be entered and assigned to any recruiter with all the details (desired profile, chew over responsibilities etc.) d. The shortlisted candidates resume can be sent to the clients for final review/interview/ written test e. The offer letter format of the client can be managed and it can be addicted to the candidates who are selected (closed position) similar activity can be done for the notice period agreement also f. When a position is closed, the billing of the same be sent to the client (invoice) g. If the bill is not clean by the due date, the reminder email will be sent to the client continuously each snip after a certain interval till the time the admin c hanges the billing status as Received3. Recruiters Managementa. Master (name, designation, address, Date of joining, qualification, salary etc.) b. Open position assignment with a deadlinec. Recruiters should be able to update the status of the candidates after any telephonic round of interview with them d. The candidates profile must be separated in such a manner that multiple recruiters do not work upon a same profile e. On the log in page the recruiters should be able to see the To Do List e.g. To Call (23), Offer Letter (7), Joining (4), Open position (3) etc. f. The recruiters should be able to send the Daily Reports (which must not take them much time with no manipulation) to the admin with their remarks g. Recruiters can notify the admin if any position is closed4. Reportsa. Open position status (clients, positions, recruiter handling, update, pull through date to close etc.) b. Billing status (clients, positions closed, recruiter, amount as per bill, date to clear, receive d (y/n), etc.) c. Recruiters motion analysis can be analyzed (recruiters, positions handled, open, closed, closing rate, revenue generated, monetary productivity (lifetime revenue / months worked)5. nonmandatory Featuresa. SMS alert fori. Billing reminder to clientii. Appointment reminder to candidateb. Flexibility to integrate the consultancys own JOB PORTAL keeping this system at the backendc. Recruiters motivator calculation

Bending Stresses in a T-Beam Experiment Essay Example for Free

Bending Stresses in a T-Beam Experiment EssayRealistic and verifiable investigate results Optional TecQuipments Structures package package for bare(a) practical(prenominal) experiments that simulate and confirm the results from your hardware and allow extended experiments Optional STR2000 unit including TecQuipments Structures Software package for autoloading(prenominal) data acquisition and virtual experiments One of many interchangeable experiment modules from TecQuipments modern, flexible and costeffective Structures teaching system Ideal for classroom demonstrations, or students working in pairs or subtle groups.The experiment hardware is a T-beam that fits onto a Structures Test Frame (STR1, available separately). Students adjust a alloy cell that bends the beam and, when connected to the optional Digital Force parade (STR1a, available separately), it measures the warp force (load). Strain gauges and a digital assembly line bridge measure the strains in the be am. Dummy strain gauges compensate for temperature variation and balance the strain bridges. The equipment includes a lead for connection to the Digital Force Display (STR1a, available separately). The lecturer guide provides details of the equipment including sample experiment results. The student guide describes how to use the equipment and gives experiment procedures.For extra virtual experiments, TecQuipment can supply the optional TecQuipment Structures Software (STRS), for use on a desirable computer. The virtual experiments simulate the tests that you do with the hardware. They also extend the choice of tests than that available using only the hardware, for theoretical account higher loads, uniform loads or different test specimens. This extends the students learning experience. For automatic data acquisition of your experiment results, TecQuipment can supply the optional Automatic Data Acquisition social unit (STR2000). Supplied as standard with the STR2000 is TecQuipment s Structures Software that displays and logs your experiment results and gives the extra virtual experiments. Bending Stress in a BeamEssential Ancillaries Structures Test Frame (STR1) Digital Force Display (STR1a) Recommended Ancillaries Structures Software (STRS) for virtual experiments or Automatic Data Acquisition Unit (STR2000) for automatic data acquisition and virtual experiments direct Conditions Operating environment Laboratory environment Storage temperature range 25? C to +55? C (when packed for transport) Operating temperature range +5? C to +40? C Operating relative humidness range 80% at temperatures 31? C decreasing linearly to 50% at 40? C Specification Nett dimensions and weight 880 x 210 x 100 mm, 6. 5 kg jammed dimensions and weight Approximately 0. 75 m3, 8 kg Load.

Film Theory Outline Essay Example for Free

Film Theory Outline EssayFrom the very beginning of call for, theorists have tried to canvass or understand the nature of the new medium of art. As a result various theories of charge have emerged, such as feminist, auteur, psychoanalytical, Marxist, Editing and Structuralist. This essay attempts to give an outline of these various theories. One of the offset printing theories to emerge is Editing possibility, coming from the linguistic context of early Russian cinema. A key event in this regard is the experiment carried out by the film-maker Lev Kuleshov in 1918, in which he demonstrated that what the spectator perceives depends on how images are juxtaposed with each other done inter-cutting. See more essay apa formatThus, when a human contiguous-up is juxtaposed with a bowl of soup, the perception is of hunger, but when juxtaposed with a shot of a coffin the same close-up is perceived to express grief. Kuleshov concluded that juxtaposition was crucial towards the effec t, and thus advocated the use collage in film-making. Other film-makers like Sergei Eisenstein compete close attention to these findings, and made use of them in his masterpieces of montage, such as Battleship Potemkin and October. He also spelled out a comprehensive film guess ground on editing in a highly influential essay from the recently twenties.In it he outlined he various categories of editing, such as metric, rhythmic, tonal, overtonal, and intellectual. For example, with intellectual montage a scene may be inter-cut with something immediately unrelated, but which nevertheless works as metaphor is a more deep sense. The above came to constitute soviet montage theory, which was in contrast to the Hollywood system of continuity editing. collage is a very visible component of film, whereas continuity editing aims to make inter-cutting invisible, so that the viewer may concentrate on the flow of the narrative in an easy way.Since the fifties a parallel theory of editing has emerged in the West which embodies the Hollywood ethos. In the same essay Eisenstein proposed a Hegelian recitation of film montage, and which came to form the basis of Marxist film theory. He suggested that montage worked by the principle of the Hegelian dialectic, where thesis is said to beget antithesis, and are resolved in the end through synthesis. For example, when human close up is inter-cut with a glass of water, the viewer interprets this as thirst. If the face is the subject, consequently its antithesis is the object of vision, i.e. the glass of water. aridity is merely the synthesis of the two. It is present in neither of the two shots in consideration, yet emerges form the inter-cutting of the two. Of course, it was through the Hegelian dialectic that Marx had derived his famous concept of the proletariat revolution, and Marxism was the avowed principle of the Bolshevists. Therefore, it is non surprising that Eisensteins theories found a favorable audience in the Soviet Union. Indeed, it was instrumental in forming of Socialist realism, which became the earth sponsored ideology in art.Marxist film theory soon found itself as defined in opposition to capitalistic and bourgeoisie art, in which the narrative of the wizard finds prominence. Eisensteins films attempt to obliterate the straw man of the protagonist, concentrating instead on the clash of images towards creating a larger ideological narrative. Even then he was charge by the authorities for not championing the workers, and for indulging in the internal mechanics of film, which was deemed to be a change of formalism. Marxist theory held that the purpose of art is to over go into all forms towards dialectical purification.Formalism was felt to be a bourgeoisie component. Marxist theory, as it has flourished both in the East and the West, concerns itself with dissecting films in order brush off bourgeoisie forms, unremarkably those emerging from the Hollywood system. A native wes tern theory of film was late in developing, and a crucial starting point was the theories developed by Andre Bazin, as editor of the french film magazine Cahiers du cinema. Up to that point films were seen as merely commercial vehicles, and Hollywood had evolved into a correctly and well groomed machine that churned films for the pleasure of the masses.Analyzing these films Bazin came to the conclusion that it was the director who left the most characteristic stamp, and as illustration he held up the work of directors like Alfred Hitchcock and Howard Hawks. He advocated that directors infuse their personal vision into the films under their charge, in order that they become the complete authors, which is the ideal state. This came to be know as the Auteur theory of film, which was precondition a more formal presentation by Francois Truffaut. Directors were described as using the camera as a pen towards composing their films.Another significant idea of Bazins was that film should a im for bearing reality. This was in opposition to prevalent theory based on montage, which said that object of film is to manipulate reality. This instrumental approach led to the formulation of Structuralist film theory, which examines the structure of the components of film as they come together meaningfully. Instead of the dialectical approach of Eisenstein, the analysis takes into account conventional devices that have come to necessitate meaning. The components that come into play are camera angle, lighting, juxtaposition, shot duration, cultural context etc.Meaning is usually accounted for by convention, and conventions change according to social and economic circumstances. For example, the highly commercial nature of Hollywood films has created the institutional Mode of Representation, in which cinematic devices are used that make film viewing easy and exciting. For this modestness it incorporates the established ideology with little departure from the norm. Other interpre tations overlook the mechanics of production and instead considered the viewer as the focus of study. Psychoanalytic film theory offers such an interpretation.It is largely influenced by the views of the French philosopher Jacques Lacan regarding the tiddlers mirror stage of development. According to this theory the developing child endeavors to see a reflection of itself in all the objects it encounters. Psychoanalytic film theory replicates this situation with the viewer of film. The viewer is continuously looking for self-identification in the process of watching a film, and in this sense uses the medium as a mirror. It is usually the male protagonist who provides the focus of this identification, and functions as a conduit by which the desires of the viewer are played out.The film is said to have constructed a gaze for the benefit of the viewer. Sometimes the gaze is simply the standstill of the protagonist at other times, in the more graphic sequences, the viewer is allowed t o gaze directly. Psychoanalytic theory is careful to point out that such identification is merely illusion, and therefore it differs from the identification of the child exploitation up, whose identifications come to form tangible character. Feminist film theory takes psychoanalytical theory a shout further, in that it interprets the gaze as scopophilia, or the desire to observe in secret, which is also known as voyeurism.Such desire is sexual in origin, and feminist theory is framed in the context of the man wanted to gaze at the woman. Such a theory provides a ready bill of the objectification of woman in film, a phenomena that has been noticed from the very beginnings of the medium. As in psychoanalytical theory, the male protagonist provides the focus of identification, but his specific desire is to objectify the women in the film, a desire which is vicariously shared out by the viewer. There are three levels of objectification.First there is the cameras point of view, then that of the protagonist, and finally that of the viewer himself, who is allowed to gaze at the women directly. Critics of this theory point out that the female viewer is not taken into account, for women also go to see the same films, and they enjoy them too. However Laura Mulvey has given convincing arguments to justify female enjoyment. She says that it is either through a masochistic identification, or a transsexual one. In the basic the female takes secret pleasure in male domination.In the second, the female identifies with the male protagonist, and thus shares in the pleasure that men take. However, she is also continuously slipping back into her female identity, which is said to be a mask that she wears. Identification with the male pushes her uncomfortably close to the image of the subjected women, and the masquerade allows her to maintain a surpass from it. Feminist film theory is a harsh criticism of the norms of cinema, which is also blamed on the patricentric norms o f society. The advocacy is to make films that overcome the norms, and therefore to make films that are free from female objectification.